Bolshevik

英 ['b?l?ivik] 美

暢通詞匯

復數:?Bolsheviks;

Bolshevik 布爾什維克

來自俄語，指多數派，列寧建立的俄羅斯大黨。詞根bel, 強，大，同multitude.

bolshevik: bolshevik: [20] Russian bol’ shévik is a derivative of ból’ shiy, the comparative form of the adjective ból’ shoy ‘big’. It was originally applied, at the 1903 congress of the Russian Social Democratic Party, to those party members who wished to go for a ‘big’, or extreme, socialist programme (in contrast with the more moderate Mensheviks – from Russian mén’ shij ‘less’); but since the Bolsheviks outnumbered the Mensheviks, the word soon became interpreted as ‘those in the majority in the party’. The transferred use of the English abbreviation bolshy to mean ‘stubbornly uncooperative’ dates from around 1918.
=> debility
Bolshevik (n.): 1917, from Russian bol'shiy "greater," comparative of adjective bol'shoy "big, great" (as in Bolshoi Ballet), from Old Church Slavonic boljiji "larger," from PIE root *bel- "strong" (cognates: Sanskrit balam "strength, force," Greek beltion "better," Phrygian balaios "big, fast," Old Irish odbal "strong," Welsh balch "proud;" Middle Dutch, Low German, Frisian pal "strong, firm").

It was the faction of the Russian Social Democratic Worker's Party after a split in 1903 that was either larger or more extreme (or both) than the Mensheviks (from Russian men'shij "less"); after they seized power in 1917, applied generally to Russian communists. Bolshevism is recorded from 1917.

1. Seventy-four years after the Bolshevik Revolution, the Soviet era ended.: 在布爾什維克革命爆發的74年之后，蘇維埃時代終結了。

2. The Bolshevik coup in October 1917 was the outcome of the transformation of Marxism into Leninism.: 1917年10月發生的布爾什維克政變是馬克思主義轉變成列寧主義的結果.

3. Sakwa: 5.3 - 5.6 ( Liquidation of Kulaks , Dizzy with Success , Bolshevik - Leninist Opposition ).: 6 ( 對富農的清算、茫然的成就、布爾什維克黨中列寧主義者的反對 ).

4. Bolshevik Revolution, led by Lenin, overthrew Prime Minister Alexander Kerensky's government.: 俄國布爾什維克在列寧領導下發動十月革命, 推翻了克倫斯基為首的臨時政府.

5. The Committee's report and hearings were instrumental in fostering anti - Bolshevik opinion.: 委員會的報告和聽證會都有助于推進反布爾什維主義主張.