self

英 [self] 美[s?lf]

GRECET4TEM4考研CET6中頻詞核心詞匯

復(fù)數(shù):?selves;

self 自己，自身，本人

來自古英語 self,自己，自身，來自 Proto-Germanic*selbaz,自己，來自 PIE*sel-bho,擴(kuò)大形式于*swe,自身，反身代詞根，詞源同 swain,custom.

self: self: [OE] Self is a general Germanic word, closely related to German selbe, Dutch zelf, Swedish sjelv, and Danish selv. These all point back to a prehistoric Germanic *selba-. Where this came from is not known for certain, although it seems likely to be related in some way to various pronouns denoting ‘oneself’, such as German sich and French se. According to John Hacket in his Scrinia reserata 1693, the word selfish was coined in the early 1640s by the Presbyterians.
self (pron.): Old English self, seolf, sylf "one's own person, -self; own, same," from Proto-Germanic *selbaz (cognates: Old Norse sjalfr, Old Frisian self, Dutch zelf, Old High German selb, German selb, selbst, Gothic silba), Proto-Germanic *selbaz "self," from PIE *sel-bho-, suffixed form of root *s(w)e-, pronoun of the third person and reflexive (referring back to the subject of a sentence), also used in forms denoting the speaker's social group, "(we our-)selves" (see idiom).
Trying to define yourself is like trying to bite your own teeth. [Alan Watts]
Its use in compounds to form reflexive pronouns grew out of independent use in Old English. As a noun from early 14c.

1. He has never exhibited the self-confidence, bordering on arrogance, of his predecessor.: 他從未表現(xiàn)出他前任的那種近乎傲慢的自信。

2. I felt so self-conscious under Luke's mother's intense gaze.: 在盧克母親審視的目光下，我感到極不自在。

3. She has now changed into a happy, self-confident woman.: 如今她已經(jīng)變成一個快樂、自信的女人。

5. She summoned up all her pity for him, to smother her self-pity.: 她抑制著心中的自憐，將滿腔的憐憫之情都傾注在了他的身上。